---
title: Optimism
date: '2026-04-14'
draft: false
description: "An Ethereum scaling solution that uses an iterative approach to decentralization and a bicameral governance system."
status: ongoing
tags:
- crypto
- ongoing
- success
external_url: https://www.optimism.io/
image: /img/logos/optimism.png
banner: /img/banners/optimism.png
author: ""
---
### Summary

Optimism is an Ethereum scaling solution that launched a bicameral governance system in 2022: a Token House (token-weighted) and Citizens House (one-person-one-vote), underpinned by a working constitution. After ongoing iterative governance experiments, Season 9 shifted strategic decision making and capital allocation back toward centralized operations via OP Labs. The case highlights the ongoing tension between decentralization ideals and competitive market pressures.

### Motivation and Readiness

Optimism has advertised itself as a scaling solution to Ethereum that upholds the core protocol’s security. To achieve this, the OP Stack itself cannot be stewarded centrally as this would increase the risk of a centralized operator arbitrarily changing aspects of the protocol. Consequently, decentralizing governance has always been part of Optimism’s long term strategy. It is also the project's main motivation to conduct an E2C.

The project kicked off its transition in April 2022, when the Optimism Foundation launched the OP token shortly after OP Labs had raised a series B investment round of USD 150 million, and at a time when the network was leading the layer 2 scaling solution industry for Ethereum with significant user traction and a production ready network. As such, its readiness to transition was likely relatively high.

### Process and Tensions

E2C in Optimism is an ever changing and ongoing process. Since the launch of the Optimism Collective, the ecosystem has been iteratively adapting its governance and structure each ‘season’ (time periods similar to ‘sprints’ in agile workflows). The goal is to design a new system of platform governance that would result in a better product and a more sustainable business model. To monitor its progress, the Optimism Collective commissioned researchers to come up with the [Concentration of Power Index](https://cpi-one.vercel.app/) .

Notable updates since have included specifying [milestones](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1IpL0oTd3AgNBu_eWdjP9EjbQfZjq-_Nd3yU1H2ke3vY/edit?gid=0#gid=0) for the ecosystem on its path towards decentralization and governance minimization, the transition towards the [’superchain’](https://docs.optimism.io/app-developers/guides/superchain) narrative and strategy which sees Optimism as an ecosystem that encompasses all chains that are built using the technical OP stack and thus able to interoperate with each other, depend on unified governance as well as shared security and developer tooling. Although the superchain strategy was dropped again, the pivot illustrated that decentralizing governance pre-product-market-fit can be challenging as it requires re-aligning multistakeholder ecosystems when strategy changes.

### Results

The current state of Optimism makes its internal tensions tangible: On the one hand, Optimism is trying to simplify in order to balance decentralization and efficiency, on the other hand, the superchain strategy increases complexity but is deemed necessary to increase competitiveness in the increasingly crowded market of Ethereum scaling solutions. It remains to be seen, if and how these different objectives and tendencies can be balanced successfully within the ecosystem.

In its 9th season, Optimism [announced](https://gov.optimism.io/t/guide-to-season-9/10529) it would switch away from community driven initiatives (i.e. members of the Token and Citizen House proposing initiatives or allocating funding), and instead focus on fostering stronger community accountability while the main strategy and operations are conducted through OP Labs. This switch positions Optimism more akin to a public company albeit with accountability to a different set of stakeholders and possibly using novel mechanisms to enforce this accountability.

### Sources

- [OPerating manual](https://github.com/ethereum-optimism/Operating-manual)

- [Outlook OP Foundation 2026](https://www.optimism.io/blog/season-9-from-experiment-to-organization)

- [Optimism’s decentralization milestones](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1IpL0oTd3AgNBu_eWdjP9EjbQfZjq-_Nd3yU1H2ke3vY/edit?gid=0#gid=0)

- [Optimism’s working constitution](https://gov.optimism.io/t/working-constitution-of-the-optimism-collective/55)

- [Optimism Documentation](https://docs.optimism.io/)
