# Continuous voting Continuous voting is a system in which the vote occurs on a continuous or frequent basis, rather than during discrete election periods. **Input:** Ballot, randomized or universal electorate, easy mechanism for vote changing **Output:** Frequent or real-time results ## Background Continuous voting mechanisms have been proposed in a variety of forms and contexts, though largely only since the advent of Internet technology that would streamline vote-changing and counting. [Delegation](delegation.md) systems like "liquid democracy" generally use continuous voting. Economics blogger Steve Randy Waldman [proposed](https://www.interfluidity.com/v2/7043.html) in 2018 a model by which random subsets of the electorate would be polled on their representatives at frequent intervals. The same year, BlockScience CEO Michael Zargham [proposed](https://github.com/BlockScience/conviction/blob/master/social-sensorfusion.pdf) a model called "conviction voting," in which votes grow stronger the longer the remain with a particular choice, and greater stake in the system increases vote strength, among other properties. It has been [adopted](https://medium.com/giveth/conviction-voting-34019bd17b10) as part of the blockchain-based Commons Stack project. ## Feedback loops ### Sensitivities * Provides feedback closer to real-time * Reduces vulnerability to timed attacks on democratic deliberation ### Oversights * No fixed terms of elected cohorts, reducing ability to plan for a session in office * Can instill greater insecurity among elected representatives ## Implementations ### Communities * [Commons Stack](https://commons-stack.gitbook.io/wiki/) (in development) * Various pirate parties using liquid democracy ### Tools * [Democracy Earth](https://democracy.earth) implements liquid democracy ## Further resources * [Delegation](delegation.md) * Kay. May 29, 2019. "[Conviction Voting: From ad-hoc voting to continuous voting](https://medium.com/giveth/conviction-voting-34019bd17b10)." Giveth blog.